LNER has completed the first live Azuma operation under ETCS Level 2 supervision on the East Coast Main Line, moving its digital-signalling programme from test-track validation to main-line trials.

LNER Azuma ETCS Level 2 live test completed
Photo: LNER

Overnight test put Azuma and ETCS through live running

The overnight operation took place on 15 and 16 July between Welwyn Garden City and Hitchin. According to LNER’s official announcement⁠, technicians, engineers and drivers from LNER, Network Rail, Agility Trains, Hitachi Rail and RailAdventure UK tested the train and trackside systems at line speed in real operating conditions.

ETCS is an automatic train protection system that replaces traditional lineside signal information with continuous digital communication between the railway and the train. Movement and speed information is shown on a screen in the driver’s cab, allowing the onboard and trackside systems to work together in real time.

The trial was conducted as a controlled live railway operation. It therefore tested more than the onboard equipment alone: crews also gained practical experience of driving and managing an Azuma while the train was supervised by the digital system.

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The test moves Azuma beyond the Melton test track

The latest run follows dynamic testing completed on the Melton test track in 2025⁠. That earlier programme confirmed the upgraded hardware and software could integrate with ETCS trackside and signalling-centre equipment; the July operation moved the same preparation onto the East Coast Main Line.

Network Rail said four different onboard systems have now been used successfully on the Welwyn–Hitchin section. The infrastructure manager expects migration of regular services to ETCS to begin during 2026 and accelerate in 2027.

The work also extends beyond a single train. Agility Trains said all 65 Class 800 and Class 801 Azuma units are being upgraded for ETCS capability, while the broader East Coast Digital Programme⁠ will progressively introduce in-cab signalling on the southern East Coast Main Line between London King’s Cross and the Stoke Tunnels near Grantham.

The July run remains a test rather than the start of routine passenger operation. However, it gives the programme evidence from a live main-line environment before regular ETCS services are introduced in stages.

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